Episode 26 Roguelike Learning

Roguelike Learning

Hi and welcome to Experience Points by University XP. On Experience Points we explore different ways we can learn from games. I’m your host Dave Eng from games-based learning by University XP. Find out more at www.universityxp.com

On today’s episode we’ll cover “Rougelike Learning.”

There’s a special appeal to playing really hard games. Games were you have to grind it out over time to get anywhere. A type of those really hard games are called roguelikes. But what makes them hard? What makes them appealing? Most importantly: how can we use the difficulty of roguelike games for games-based learning?

Roguelike is a subgenre of role-playing video game characterized by a dungeon crawl. That means a player moves through a space – a dungeon - to reach some objective. In roguelike games, that space is procedurally generated, usually includes turn-based gameplay, and permanent death of the player character.

Roguelike games come from the original 1980 game Rogue: The Adventure Game, Rogue: Exploring the Dungeons of Doom. Rogue was a dungeon crawling game where the player assumed the role of an adventurer in a fantasy role playing game. The game starts at the top most level of a dungeon that contains monsters and treasures.

The objective of the game is to fight all the way to the bottom level to retrieve the Amulet of Yendor. The player then has to return to the surface. The monsters in the dungeon become progressively more difficult through every descending level.

Roguelike games are meant to be difficult like the origin’s name sake. Most of those difficult design choices are included in the characteristics of the original game. Roguelike games are challenging based on how players progress through the game.

The term “roguelike” has evolved over time, and so has the characteristics that are attributed to roguelike games. The following distinctions are made for roguelike games that honor its predecessor. They include: Random generation that aids the game’s replayability; Permanent death of the character which prevents players from picking up where they left off; Turn based actions; Resource management; Map exploration; Complexity generated from simple systems; and controlling a single character

One of the biggest and most memorable characteristics of roguelike games is the permanent death attributed to players.  Compared to other games, where players are allowed to re-start where they were previously eliminated, roguelike games do not include that option. Instead, players need to restart the game from the very beginning.

This might sound harsh, but part of challenge of the game is learning though each play. That includes determining what may arrive in the dungeon, how to best fight or mitigate dangers, and how to best succeed throughout this particular “run.”

That means that roguelike games excel not only in player engagement but also by learning through design. This is because players are required to continually explore and engage with its systems in order to demonstrate their competency in mastering the game.

This experience takes place in two formats. First, the player learns the systems of the game and adapts their play style to become more successful through future plays. The second includes the changes and attributes the game affords to its players. This can come in the form of power up’s, buffs, or other resources that help the player navigate the dungeon on future runs. This includes a better starting weapon, special information on the next dungeon floor, or armor to reduce damage.

The point of including these additional power up’s is because the engagement loop for roguelike games can be long one. If a player reaches a deeper level in the game for the first time - only to lose - it can be a hard proposition for the player to return to keep playing. The cost of that failure is too steep, and the psychological momentum lost too great.

In a way, roguelike games are lot like learning. Like roguelike games, the player and the student often start with nothing. This gives them both the opportunity to learn and progress gaining information and options along the way. The permanent death option in roguelike games gives players a degree of weighty decisions to be made in the game. Because, a wrong decision could spell the end for their run.

Students on the other hand regularly experience this form of “permanent death” in learning. That could come from administrative responsibilities from having to re-take a class if their grade is low enough, failing to pass a critical assessment like a test or paper, or missing too many classes in a row. All of these options could spell doom for the student’s “run” in the class.

However, many of these aspects can be mitigated by closing the feedback loop between the result and the action of students. This is why structuring summative assessments in a scheduled format is often best practice for instructors. In this format, students aren’t asked to write a final paper at the end of the term. Instead, they work each week on writing and creating content. Then, at the end of the term, those individual pieces are arranged into their final paper.

This structuring allows students to get feedback on their work. Similar to the dungeon diving Rogue, when players are given additional power-up’s, weapons, and armor that helps mitigate some of the dangers of the dungeon’s creatures. Active feedback from instructors on students’ work can empower them to take effective and significant action to do better.

Following this structure, roguelike game design emulates a lot of what is already present in the modern classroom. Yes, there are high stakes assessments, but there are also opportunities for students to improve their positions through work and dedication.

Roguelike games can be exceedingly tough, brutal, and difficult. But so can learning challenging material. The main takeaways from roguelike games for learning is to create instructional materials that help students meet their learning outcomes.

The scaffolding and structure that you use can be steep like roguelike games.  But also like roguelike games, you can provide students with opportunities for them to gain powerful insight and agency in their learning by providing strong and actionable feedback.

That feedback can take many forms. However, it can have a greater purpose so long as the feedback helps the student improve on their work in order to become better learners.

I hope you found this episode useful. If you’d like to learn more, then a great place to start is with my free course on gamification. You can sign up for it at www.universityxp.com/gamification You can also get a full transcript of this episode including links to references in the description or show notes. Thanks for joining me!

Again, I’m your host Dave Eng from games-based learning by University XP. On Experience Points we explore different ways we can learn from games. If you liked this episode please consider commenting, sharing, and subscribing.

Subscribing is absolutely free and ensures that you’ll get the next episode of Experience Points delivered directly to you. I’d also love it if you took some time to rate the show! I live to lift others with learning. So, if you found this episode useful, consider sharing it with someone who could benefit.

Also make sure to visit University XP online at www.universityxp.com University XP is also on Twitter @University_XP and on Facebook as University XP Also, feel free to email me anytime at dave@universityxp.com Game on!

References

Craddock, D. L. (2015, June 15). Book Breakdown: Dungeon Hacks, Final Draft. Retrieved August 14, 2019, from http://davidlcraddock.com/news/page/book-breakdown-dungeon-hacks-final-draft/

Dotson, C. (2019, June 24). The Beginner's Guide to Roguelikes. Retrieved August 14, 2019, from https://www.lifewire.com/what-are-roguelikes-4117411

Formative vs Summative Assessment - Eberly Center - Carnegie Mellon University. (n.d.). Retrieved August 19, 2019, from https://www.cmu.edu/teaching/assessment/basics/formative-summative.html

Harris, J. (2009, December 18). COLUMN: @Play: The Berlin Interpretation. Retrieved August 14, 2019, from http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2009/12/column_play_the_berlin_interpr.php

McHugh, A. (2018, July 11). What is a Roguelike? Retrieved August 14, 2019, from https://www.greenmangaming.com/blog/what-is-a-roguelike/

Roguelike (Concept). (n.d.). Retrieved August 14, 2019, from https://www.giantbomb.com/roguelike/3015-1065/

The Essential 50 Part 12 -- Rogue from 1UP.com. (2013, February 28). Retrieved August 14, 2019, from https://web.archive.org/web/20130228092550/http:/www.1up.com/features/essential-50-rogue

Toy, M., Wichman, G., Arnold, K., & Lane, J. (1980). Rogue: Exploring the Dungeons of Doom. Retrieved from https://www.myabandonware.com/game/rogue-4n/play-4n